Bird's eye view of our office

Here's how the office look like from the skyOur office is situated in the KWSP office building complex. It is perched in the 9th floor of block D as per photo below (it's the inner square folks).

Sikuati Town Campaign: A Pictorial Part 2

Here's the long overdue pictorial sequel..

The day after, we woke to a beautiful morning, warm sun and scenic ocean view

This is a close-up of a decorative palm tree around the hotel compound.. well okay I can't resist the temptation to snap 'em with fusion of lively colour, nature at it's very best.

Here's another fast forward for ya. After our court proceeding where there's a marathon of 7 summons cases we went straight to work (no photo taking is allowed in Court). Seen here our officer in half of the formal court attire ie in black and white. We have to lose the suit jacket though, it was pretty hot and humid.

Sikuati town consist of a row of commercial shops, a wet market and some market stalls, a standard staple in interior Sabah. As usual sundry shops are thriving, selling everything under the sun. Seen here a retailer's education campaign briefing session.

The small township is such laid back that a shop owner was manning his shop half naked ie. in his shorts and slippers and nothing else. The man actually greeted us as 'Cikgu' or teacher in Bahasa Malaysia before we introduced ourselves as enforcement officer. Maybe it's because of the black and white attire thingy. All in all the overall knowledge on registered health product is quite satisfactory here in Sikuati. One of the shop proprietor even asked the consequences of selling / possessing unregistered product before we even get to the penalty part. We solemnly informed him that it's a fine not more than RM25,000 or jail sentence of not more than 3 years or both. After covering 8 shops, we wrap it up and went back to Kota Kinabalu.

Sikuati Township Campaign: A Pictorial

Here's a pictorial of our education campaign at Sikuati town from the beginning of the journey to the closure of the campaign

Wisma Sabah a historic building situated at one of the city main entrance, we are almost exiting the city perimeter

The roudabout near Yayasan Sabah.. yep we are definately exiting the city..

This may look like a humble abode to some.. but actually it is a sundry shop smack right near the roadside near Menggatal-Sepanggar area. Where there is medicine we stop by for a check
Fast forward aftter passing by Tuaran we encountered this unique premise. It sure gives a new dimension to the term 'shop house'. Extreme right is the house on stilts for residence and ground floor is the sundry shop connected to the roadside by a bridge structure..

Another of the shop house minus the bridge structure plus a cow and a motorbike

Freshly planted paddy field along the way.. beautiful green carpet

It is a long way to go.. look at the blue cloudy sky

Oopps I spoke to soon, it looks like the sky is about to fall on us...

It sure looks like a storm is brewing.. maybe we can outrun it

Hooray... we sure did outrun it.. hey look a hill clearance... illegally done? Nobody knows..

Look at the destruction....

A damaged road strecth along the way...

Careful there now.. we don't want any untoward incidence to happen..

Another damaged road strecth ahead..

Another sundry shop with local produce and handycraft.. we gotta check 'em all


How long has that been.. it's almost lunch.. now where's that energy bar when you need them?

Another 70km to go..

Fast forward.. after having lunch we got down straight to bussiness. Well okay it's not actually in Sikuati but in Kudat town.

Mum is out and the daugther has the shop all to herself. She's quite smart for her age. We left some educational material for her mom. It has been a long day.. dealings in the District Council and 4 inspections we are ready to call it a day. Next stop is the Court proceeding in Kudat Magistrate Court followed by the Sikuati campaign. Stay tuned.

Justice is Everywhere

The justice system in Ancient China was simple and practical. Back then each town will have its own court. This is followed by provincial court and then of course the equivalent to the Appeal Court in Malaysia the Ministry of Justice or something like it at the Ancient China Capital (Peking.. Beijing.. not really sure ;>). The highest authority however is the Emperor himself who can give Royal Pardon to any accuse. But what make this really interesting is that the Town Courts presided by magistrate. These town judges who often would be appointed by the government will conduct hearing right in the middle of town. They start by announcing impending trials by hitting the drum or wooden sticks to the floor. Here is when the court gates will be open to the public and everyone can enter and hear the proceedings. Next the accuse is brought before the judge. Any complainant and witness alike would have to show respect the court or else the judge has at his disposal an array of punishment like slapping the mouth and flogging the backside finger clamps and even leg clamps. The plus point for this is that the members of the public present in the court will know about what constitute an offence under the Empire law and what's the punishment. These very people will then leave the court and spread the court's happenings by word of mouth. This way the community that reside in that town will be informed. With time however this method is super seeded by technology and the power of the media. Currently the media play a major role as the eyes and ears of the public to report court cases. Cases dealt with in the interior district needs media exposure to spread awareness especially to the people that reside in that district. Such cases like the following news clipping is for the people of Kudat and Kota Marudu. Parting message.. justice is everywhere..

Selling of Medicine Without Prescription

In Malaysia it is an offence to sell controlled medicine (CM) without a valid prescription. This applies to Group B CM (e.g. anti hypertensives, antibiotics etc.) even for a Pharmacy or from the dispensary counter at a medical clinic without direct consultation from a registered medical practitioner. Such act not only exposes the buyer to health risk but has a wider bigger impact to the general population like antibiotic resistance. As reported in a newspaper, an accused found out the hard way...

We do The Talking via Our Action

One thing for sure is, we don't utilise the press that much. Unlike other enforcement agency in this country we seldom hold press release of seizure and operation success as such. We seldom see articles in the press publicising our operations. It is not too much to state that Pharmacy Enforcement is an underrated enforcement entity especially here in Sabah. This is not helped by our small contingent of 12 hardworking officers. However we don't benchmark ourselves with the other enforcement agencies. Compare to the their workforce, logistics and facilities we are no way near their strengths. However press coverage on our enforcement activity can only be seen at the end stage which is the reports on court cases. For this a big thank you to the diligent reporters based at the courts.

All in all we prefer to do the talking on our own term even though lambasted and criticised by some quarters who don't have all the facts on our background and activities. These are the same people who claim that we are not doing enough. We don't owe anyone an explanation because we do all the work from behind the scene...

The case above involved a Kota Kinabalu based medical practitioner in possession of unregistered psychotropic medicine. In the same court a sundry shop proprietor in Kota Marudu was fined for possession of controlled medicine without authorization.

Our Campaign in the West Coast

This is the West Coast district. Our consumer education campaign here started back in 2003 targeting business wholesaler and retailers. In 2004, we shifted our target group to the general consumers or should we say the plain Joe and Jane of the community. With our Regional Headquarters situated in Kota Kinabalu City and the towns being within reach of the office, it is only natural that these neighbouring towns should be eradicated from unregistered products. Although we can't claim that we manage to achieve 100% eradication but it is not too much to state that most licensed premises in this locality don't sell unregistered product openly.

The lady owner seems happy and she's very cooperative even though her unregistered medicine was seized

A Tamparuli grocery store that we inspected, look at the colonial-era wooden shop house design.. difficult to find such shop in the city..

The eye said it all... this Indian national according to the travel documents issued to him is allowed to work as a Restaurant helper... instead he became a medicine peddler in a makeshift stall in Ranau... go figure

These are the unregistered product containing schedule poison that he was peddling. Clariderm Astringent and RDL Tretinoin Babyface Solution (the red and the orange box respectively) contain hydroquinone, a hair dye bleaching agent that can harm the skin if used without proper professional medical advice Even a clothing store is getting into the act of selling unregistered medicine

Toiletries and medicine section of the clothing store in Ranau

Unregistered skin ointments from China (the boxes in the middle) labelled as containing scheduled poisons anti fungals

The lack of pharmacy and a limited number of medical clinics.. medicine shop such as above is thriving in the rural area. Don't be surprised if they sell controlled medicines just like in any pharmacy or clinic.

Hazzards Along the Road

During our trail blazing act in Kudat we witness a tragedy. The bane of long haul travelling is the risk of involvement in road accident. It is normal for the human body to tire after exerting itself especially after non-stop driving. When such thing occur it is best to stop and rest. Then again such accident can be caused by the use of unregistered medicine. These medicine that is usually being marketed as traditional product is in fact adulterated with antihistamine that causes drowsiness rendering the user unable to operate heavy machinery. Unsuspecting user of such medicine does not know that unless it is declared on the product labels. In our travels and enforcement job we always keep safety as our top priority. We always stay on alert and adopt safe driving and of course pray before such journey. The 4-WD Pickup on the ditch after the driver momentarily fell asleep on the wheels, swerved the vehicle to the opposite road lane, awoke and shocked to see an incoming car, made a sudden forced turn while slamming the brakes, the car made a 180 degrees tumble and turn turtle

Notice the mangled chassis due to the impact... The driver actually came out alive in this one...

Trail Blazing in Kudat

The map above is the District of Kudat, one of the 5 main district in Sabah. Our campaign in this district has been progressing steadily since 2004. Most of the main town located in this locality namely Kota Marudu, Pitas, Matunggong and Kudat has been visited except for Banggi island. Initially the consumer education campaign starts off from the main towns targeting health facilities like medicine shops, supermarkets, medical halls and groceries stores. Whereas Clinics and Pharmacy in these towns had been monitored since the 90's. The campaign has progress steadily to sundries shop in the outskirts of town. Lately there have been a trend of irresponsible parties to distribute unregistered health product to the rural areas. This is due to the dwindling market for their goods in the town area due to increase awareness in registered product sale. It has been encouraging to note that most retailers in the town areas know about health product registration and sale. This can be partly attributed to the efforts by licenced wholesalers who themselves have been informed about the product registration during a campaign blitz in 2004 by the department. This is an example of smart partnership between the enforcement agency and the bussiness community namely health product licensed wholesaler. We need to work together hand in hand for the journey ahead. Here are some graphic glimpses of our campaign trail in Kudat. Sundry shop owners are usually honest people trying to earn

a living and they usually ignorant about the do and don't of medicine sales

Note the simple design of the shop.. wooden structure on stilts with wire mesh

Sundry shop being far from town becomes a multi-goods stores that sells anything from diesel (for generators), to cooking gas to medicines and other daily necessities. This makes them perfect targets for unregistered medicines supplier

One of the unregistered product laced with steroids found in one of the shops in Kudat. It's called Maajun Kuat and medicines sold in this form we called "Ubat Papan" has been banned by the authorities since 2005

The Region Where We Enforce The Law

This is Sabah, Malaysia where where we currently enforce 4 laws pertaining to medicine, chemical and health product. Sabah land mass is about 73,631 sq. km area, the northern most part of the island of Borneo and east of the capital city of Malaysia,Kuala Lumpur. It is known as the Land Below the Wind (a name coined by an Englishwoman Agnes Keith, a writer). In our language we term it as "Sabah Negeri di Bawah Bayu". Sabah basically consist of 5 main districts. There are (please see map above) clockwise from top Kudat, Sandakan, Tawau, Interior and West Coast. Currently up to this date, we have a strength of 12 enforcement officers to cover the whole of Sabah. 2 officers based in Tawau, 1 each in Sandakan and Keningau and the rest at our HQ in Kota Kinabalu. Simple math tells you 1 enforcement officer per 6,135 sq. km, a daunting task but we relish the challenge.

The relevant laws that we enforce are;
1. Poisons Act 1952

- An Act to regulate the importation, possession, manufacture, compounding, storage, transport, sale and use of poisons

2. Sale of Drugs Act 1952 -

An Act relating to the sale of drugs

3. Medicines (Advertisement and Sale) Act 1956

- An Act to prohibit certain advertisements relating to medical matters and to regulate the sale of substances recommended as a medicine

4. Dangerous Drugs Act 1952

- An Act to make further and better provision for the regulating of the importation, exportation, manufacture, sale, and use of opium and of certain other dangerous drugs and substances, to make special provision relating to the jurisdiction of courts in respect to offences thereunder and their trial, and for purposes connected therewith

Health Product Registration in Malaysia

Many of us in this lifetime have bought and taken medicines. What is the probability that some of the medicines that we have been using is not registered with the Ministry of Health of Malaysia? The Control of Drugs and Cosmetics Regulations 1984 require all products imported, manufactured or sold to be registered with the Drug Control Authority (DCA). Any individual who contravenes this Regulations commits an offence and can be fined up to a maximum of RM 25,000.00 or a jail sentence for a term not exceeding 3 years or both for the first offence. For the second or subsequent offences the fine is not exceeding RM 50,000.00 or jail sentence for a term not exceeding five years or both. A company found guilty can be fined up to RM 50,000 for the first offence and up to a maximum of RM 100,000.00 for the second or subsequent offences.

Under this Regulations DCA has been established as the executive body to regulate product registration in Malaysia. The main task of this Authority is to ensure the safety, quality and efficacy of pharmaceuticals, health and personal care products that are marketed in Malaysia. Registered producs have been evaluated and tested for its efficacy, safety and quality. A registration number will be given when a product is registered with DCA. The registration number is specific to the product registered with the name, identity, composition, characteristics, origin (manufacturer) and marketing authorization holder as specified in the registration documents. It may not be used for any other product. Every registered product must have their registration number printed on its label or package. A security label (hologram Meditag®) is affixed to a registered product so that patient and enforcement officers can identify genuine products. The security label is only one of the many means that is used by the ministry to complement its enforcement activities to ensure public safety. The requirement for affixation of this security device to product label is only applicable to pharmaceutical product including health supplement and traditional product.

Registration number can be identified as a set of numbers with the alphabets “MAL” in front, followed by eight digits of number and ended with one or more alphabets. Registration of product in Malaysia has been divided into 3 categories. Each category of product can be identified by the first alphabet after the eight digits.
1) Alphabet “A” - for product containing scheduled poison as defined in the Poisons Act 1952
2) Alphabet “X” - for product not containing scheduled poison as defined in Poisons Act 1952
3) Alphabet “T” - for traditional product
Other alphabets used include C, E, R, S & V which is usually printed after the three main alphabet A, X, and T .

Monitoring of the quality of registered product in the market is carried out continuously by the Authority. Sample of products registered by the DCA may be taken and tested for compliance with official or pharmacopoeia standard or specifications. If the sample fails the test the market authorization holder will be issued a directive to recall of the product. The marketing authorization holder also is required to identify the source or cause of quality defect and action to be taken to improve quality. The registration of any product may be rejected, cancelled or suspended by the DCA if there are major deficiencies in safety, quality or efficacy of the product or failure to comply with conditions of registration.
Public is advised to report any adverse or side effect experienced due to the product consumed or used to the authority. Such reporty will be discussed by MADRAC (Malaysian Adverse Drug Reaction Committee) for further action.

MOH urged the public to stop using unregistered products. Unregistered products have not been tested for its safety, quality and efficacy and thus pose a treat to the public health. It also might be adulterated or contaminated with heavy metals or banned substances. The authenticity of the MAL number can be verified through the website, http://www.bpfk.gov.my/.


© Sabah State Pharmacy Enforcement Branch

Pharmacy Enforcement Branch: An Introduction

The Sabah State Pharmacy Enforcement Branch was established since 30 August 1978. It was known then as the Drug Inspection and Enforcement Unit. The first area office was located at 1st Floor, Block A, Warehouse, Karamunsing, Kota Kinabalu. At that time it was the only branch in Sabah with one pharmacy enforcement officer and a pharmacy assistant. From this humble beginning, the office has since extended to having three other area branches in Tawau, Sandakan and Keningau.

The Pharmacy Enforcement Branch is a unit under the Sabah State Health Department, a federal department under the Ministry of Health, Malaysia. Authorized officers who work in this unit are known as Pharmacy Enforcement Officers. What do enforcement officers do? Other than inspecting and raiding shops, there are also other activities that they do. This article will explain the entire picture as a whole.

The Pharmacy Enforcement branch has an important role to protect the health and well-being of the public from the harm of unregistered product. This is done by enforcing the Control of Drugs and Cosmetics Regulations 1984 to control the importation, manufacture, supply, storage, sale, possession and usage of pharmaceutical products. In other words, pharmacy enforcement activities ensure health products used in this country are of good quality, safe and effective.

The Pharmacy Enforcement also processes various licenses and permits applications under the Poisons Act 1952 and its Regulations :
Poisons License Type A - for pharmacist to deal with all poisons

Poisons License Type B - for non-pharmacists to import and do wholesale of industrial chemicals which are controlled as poisons. Sodium Hydroxide Permit - for companies to buy and use Sodium Hydroxide

Apart from issuing poison licenses, the branch also carry out routine checks on clinics, pharmacies and licensed wholesalers of poisons. The main aim is to ensure all poisons are handled, transacted and labeled properly for the safetyof members of the public. During inspection, poisons are checked to ensure they are stored properly - in a room under lock and key. Checking of records on all transactions involving s poisons is to ensure all transaction is legal. Poisons here includes medicines that can cause harm to the public if misused. For instance, medicines that contain poisons can only be supplied by doctors and pharmacists. Other establishment i.e. non-licensed premises and roadside sellers are also inspected to ensure they do not sell medicines containing poisons. Further information can be obtained from the website http://http://www.pharmacy.gov.my/.

Dduring routine checks unregistered products will be confiscated if they are found.. These are products that do not have a specific assigned ‘MAL number’ and hologram sticker. Unregistered products here are medicines including traditional medicines that are not registered with the Drug Control Authority. These products have not been evaluated for their safety, quality and efficacy. Information on registration of products is available at http://www.bpfk.gov.my

Another important enforcement activity by the branch is the control of advertisements of medicinal products and advertisement relating to health or medical services in the mass media and other forms of advertisement eg banners and pamphlets. Advertisements which are approved by the Medicines Advertisement Board are given “KKLIU” approval number and can be published

Activities carried out at the entry points involve screening of import document, checks on parcel post and checks on passengers to prevent entry of unregistered health products and importation of chemical without authorization at the sea port, airport terminals and post-office. Unregistered products or consignements which do not have proper authorizations will be confiscated.

Over the years the Pharmacy Enforcement branch has intensified its activity to contain the problem of unregistered producst. Looking at the figures for the year 2006, the raids themselves contributed to RM476,673.00 worth of poisons and unregistered products seized from traditional medicine stores, unlicensed wholesalers, beauty saloons and pharmacies while seizures of products at entry points amounted up to RM850,000.00.

With the advent of globalization and the limited resources that are available, the Pharmacy Enforcement branch will continue to evolve to meet challenges ahead. Recognising the influence the public have on purchasing trends of pharmaceutical products, healthcare products and cosmetic in the country, the focus of Pharmacy Enforcement will be unto public enlightenment. It is important that the public takes responsibility to ensure the medicines they buy are safe. They must be able to differentiate between ethical and unethical advertisements. We can only achieve these health goals if everyone is in it together. Pharmacy Enforcement branch is here to protect the public from the harm of unregistered products. If the public require any information on the handling or sale of chemicals or health products you can visit us on the 9th Floor, Block D of the KWSP Building, off Karamunsing Road, Kota Kinabalu or call the number 088-231609 / 231610 or by mail to P.O. Box 10607, 88806 Kota Kinabalu or e-mail to cpf@sbh.moh.gov.my. In the near future we will be moving to the 6th Floor of the Federal House, Jalan Mat Salleh, Kota Kinabalu.

© Sabah State Pharmacy Enforcement Branch